Use `std::quoted()` from `<iomanip>` to quote/unquote pass arguments.
In order to maintain handling of (unquoted) comments and semicolons this occurs when adding the token to the arg list, rather than in the tokenization itself.
Passes no longer receive tokenized-but-raw arguments and are instead pre-unquoted.
This will cause problems for some passes (e.g. `setparam`) which rely on arguments having quotation marks for disambiguation.
In order to maintain reproducibility with `echo on`, arguments which require quoting will automatically quote (arguments which were quoted but didn't need to be will not be quoted in the echo).
Checking only happens at compile time if -std=c++20 (or greater) is enabled. Otherwise
the checking happens at run time.
This requires the format string to be a compile-time constant (when compiling with
C++20), so fix a few places where that isn't true.
The format string behavior is a bit more lenient than C printf. For %d/%u
you can pass any integer type and it will be converted and output without
truncating bits, i.e. any length specifier is ignored and the conversion is
always treated as 'll'. Any truncation needs to be done by casting the argument itself.
For %f/%g you can pass anything that converts to double, including integers.
Performance results with clang 19 -O3 on Linux:
```
hyperfine './yosys -dp "read_rtlil /usr/local/google/home/rocallahan/Downloads/jpeg.synth.il; dump"'
```
C++17 before: Time (mean ± σ): 101.3 ms ± 0.8 ms [User: 85.6 ms, System: 15.6 ms]
C++17 after: Time (mean ± σ): 98.4 ms ± 1.2 ms [User: 82.1 ms, System: 16.1 ms]
C++20 before: Time (mean ± σ): 100.9 ms ± 1.1 ms [User: 87.0 ms, System: 13.8 ms]
C++20 after: Time (mean ± σ): 97.8 ms ± 1.4 ms [User: 83.1 ms, System: 14.7 ms]
The generated code is reasonably efficient. E.g. with clang 19, `stringf()` with a format
with no %% escapes and no other parameters (a weirdly common case) often compiles to a fully
inlined `std::string` construction. In general the format string parsing is often (not always)
compiled away.
