working on deduce_resets

crates/fayalite/src/module/transform/deduce_resets.rs

@@ -3,44 +3,41 @@
 
 #![cfg(todo)]
 
-use hashbrown::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap};
-use num_bigint::BigInt;
-use petgraph::{
-    graph::{NodeIndex, UnGraph},
-    unionfind::UnionFind,
-};
-
 use crate::{
     annotations::{Annotation, TargetedAnnotation},
     bundle::{BundleField, BundleType},
     enum_::{EnumType, EnumVariant},
     expr::{
-        ops,
         target::{
             Target, TargetBase, TargetChild, TargetPathArrayElement, TargetPathBundleField,
             TargetPathDynArrayElement, TargetPathElement,
         },
-        ExprEnum, Flow,
+        ExprEnum,
     },
+    int::{SIntValue, UIntValue},
     intern::{Intern, Interned, Memoize},
     memory::{DynPortType, MemPort},
     module::{
-        transform::visit::{Folder, Visit, Visitor},
+        AnnotatedModuleIO, Block, ExprInInstantiatedModule, ExternModuleBody, InstantiatedModule,
-        AnnotatedModuleIO, Block, ExprInInstantiatedModule, ExternModuleBody,
+        ModuleBody, ModuleIO, NameId, NormalModuleBody,
-        ExternModuleParameter, ExternModuleParameterValue, InstantiatedModule, ModuleBody,
-        ModuleIO, NameId, NormalModuleBody, Stmt, StmtConnect, StmtDeclaration, StmtFormal, StmtIf,
-        StmtInstance, StmtMatch, StmtReg, StmtWire,
     },
     prelude::*,
-    source_location,
+    reset::{ResetType, ResetTypeDispatch},
+};
+use hashbrown::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap};
+use hashbrown::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap};
+use num_bigint::BigInt;
+use num_bigint::BigInt;
+use petgraph::unionfind::UnionFind;
+use petgraph::{
+    graph::{NodeIndex, UnGraph},
+    unionfind::UnionFind,
 };
 use std::{
     borrow::Borrow,
-    convert::Infallible,
     fmt,
     hash::{Hash, Hasher},
     marker::PhantomData,
-    mem,
 };
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -70,6 +67,25 @@ impl From<DeduceResetsError> for std::io::Error {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
+enum AnyReg {
+    Reg(Reg<CanonicalType, Reset>),
+    RegSync(Reg<CanonicalType, SyncReset>),
+    RegAsync(Reg<CanonicalType, AsyncReset>),
+}
+
+macro_rules! match_any_reg {
+    (
+        $match_expr:expr, $fn:expr
+    ) => {
+        match $match_expr {
+            AnyReg::Reg(reg) => $fn(reg),
+            AnyReg::RegSync(reg) => $fn(reg),
+            AnyReg::RegAsync(reg) => $fn(reg),
+        }
+    };
+}
+
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
 enum ResetsLayout {
     NoResets,
@@ -261,6 +277,45 @@ impl ResetGraph {
             })
         }
     }
+    fn append_new_nodes_for_layout(
+        &mut self,
+        layout: ResetsLayout,
+        node_indexes: &mut Vec<ResetNodeIndex>,
+        source_location: Option<SourceLocation>,
+    ) {
+        match layout {
+            ResetsLayout::NoResets => {}
+            ResetsLayout::Reset => node_indexes.push(self.new_node(None, source_location)),
+            ResetsLayout::SyncReset => {
+                node_indexes.push(self.new_node(Some(false), source_location))
+            }
+            ResetsLayout::AsyncReset => {
+                node_indexes.push(self.new_node(Some(true), source_location))
+            }
+            ResetsLayout::Bundle {
+                fields,
+                reset_count: _,
+            } => {
+                for field in fields {
+                    self.append_new_nodes_for_layout(field, node_indexes, source_location);
+                }
+            }
+            ResetsLayout::Enum {
+                variants,
+                reset_count: _,
+            } => {
+                for variant in variants {
+                    self.append_new_nodes_for_layout(variant, node_indexes, source_location);
+                }
+            }
+            ResetsLayout::Array {
+                element,
+                reset_count: _,
+            } => {
+                self.append_new_nodes_for_layout(*element, node_indexes, source_location);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -318,23 +373,164 @@ impl<'a, T: ?Sized + Intern> MaybeInterned<'a, T> {
 }
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
-struct Resets<'a> {
+struct Resets {
     ty: CanonicalType,
     layout: ResetsLayout,
-    node_indexes: MaybeInterned<'a, [ResetNodeIndex]>,
+    node_indexes: Interned<[ResetNodeIndex]>,
 }
 
-impl<'a> Resets<'a> {
+impl Resets {
-    fn into_interned(self) -> Resets<'static> {
+    fn with_new_nodes(
-        let Self {
+        reset_graph: &mut ResetGraph,
+        ty: CanonicalType,
+        source_location: Option<SourceLocation>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let layout = ResetsLayout::new(ty);
+        let mut node_indexes = Vec::with_capacity(layout.reset_count());
+        reset_graph.append_new_nodes_for_layout(layout, &mut node_indexes, source_location);
+        let node_indexes = Intern::intern_owned(node_indexes);
+        Self {
             ty,
             layout,
             node_indexes,
-        } = self;
+        }
-        Resets {
+    }
-            ty,
+    fn array_elements(self) -> Self {
-            layout,
+        let array = <Array>::from_canonical(self.ty);
-            node_indexes: MaybeInterned::Interned(node_indexes.to_interned()),
+        let ResetsLayout::Array {
+            element,
+            reset_count: _,
+        } = self.layout
+        else {
+            unreachable!();
+        };
+        Self {
+            ty: array.element(),
+            layout: *element,
+            node_indexes: self.node_indexes,
+        }
+    }
+    fn bundle_fields(self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Self> {
+        let bundle = Bundle::from_canonical(self.ty);
+        let ResetsLayout::Bundle {
+            fields,
+            reset_count: _,
+        } = self.layout
+        else {
+            unreachable!();
+        };
+        bundle.fields().into_iter().zip(fields).scan(
+            0,
+            move |start_index, (BundleField { ty, .. }, layout)| {
+                let end_index = *start_index + layout.reset_count();
+                let node_indexes = self.node_indexes[*start_index..end_index].intern();
+                *start_index = end_index;
+                Some(Self {
+                    ty,
+                    layout,
+                    node_indexes,
+                })
+            },
+        )
+    }
+    fn enum_variants(self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Option<Self>> {
+        let enum_ = Enum::from_canonical(self.ty);
+        let ResetsLayout::Enum {
+            variants,
+            reset_count: _,
+        } = self.layout
+        else {
+            unreachable!();
+        };
+        enum_.variants().into_iter().zip(variants).scan(
+            0,
+            move |start_index, (EnumVariant { ty, .. }, layout)| {
+                let end_index = *start_index + layout.reset_count();
+                let node_indexes = self.node_indexes[*start_index..end_index].intern();
+                *start_index = end_index;
+                Some(ty.map(|ty| Self {
+                    ty,
+                    layout,
+                    node_indexes,
+                }))
+            },
+        )
+    }
+    fn substituted_type(
+        self,
+        reset_graph: &mut ResetGraph,
+        fallback_to_sync_reset: bool,
+        fallback_error_source_location: SourceLocation,
+    ) -> Result<CanonicalType, DeduceResetsError> {
+        if self.layout.reset_count() == 0 {
+            return Ok(self.ty);
+        }
+        match self.ty {
+            CanonicalType::UInt(_)
+            | CanonicalType::SInt(_)
+            | CanonicalType::Bool(_)
+            | CanonicalType::AsyncReset(_)
+            | CanonicalType::SyncReset(_)
+            | CanonicalType::Clock(_) => Ok(self.ty),
+            CanonicalType::Array(ty) => Ok(CanonicalType::Array(Array::new_dyn(
+                self.array_elements().substituted_type(
+                    reset_graph,
+                    fallback_to_sync_reset,
+                    fallback_error_source_location,
+                )?,
+                ty.len(),
+            ))),
+            CanonicalType::Enum(ty) => Ok(CanonicalType::Enum(Enum::new(Result::from_iter(
+                self.enum_variants().zip(ty.variants()).map(
+                    |(resets, EnumVariant { name, ty: _ })| {
+                        Ok(EnumVariant {
+                            name,
+                            ty: resets
+                                .map(|resets| {
+                                    resets.substituted_type(
+                                        reset_graph,
+                                        fallback_to_sync_reset,
+                                        fallback_error_source_location,
+                                    )
+                                })
+                                .transpose()?,
+                        })
+                    },
+                ),
+            )?))),
+            CanonicalType::Bundle(ty) => Ok(CanonicalType::Bundle(Bundle::new(Result::from_iter(
+                self.bundle_fields().zip(ty.fields()).map(
+                    |(
+                        resets,
+                        BundleField {
+                            name,
+                            flipped,
+                            ty: _,
+                        },
+                    )| {
+                        Ok(BundleField {
+                            name,
+                            flipped,
+                            ty: resets.substituted_type(
+                                reset_graph,
+                                fallback_to_sync_reset,
+                                fallback_error_source_location,
+                            )?,
+                        })
+                    },
+                ),
+            )?))),
+            CanonicalType::Reset(_) => Ok(
+                if reset_graph.is_async(
+                    self.node_indexes[0],
+                    fallback_to_sync_reset,
+                    fallback_error_source_location,
+                )? {
+                    CanonicalType::AsyncReset(AsyncReset)
+                } else {
+                    CanonicalType::SyncReset(SyncReset)
+                },
+            ),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -342,11 +538,48 @@ impl<'a> Resets<'a> {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct State {
     base_module: Interned<Module<Bundle>>,
-    expr_resets: HashMap<ExprInInstantiatedModule<CanonicalType>, Resets<'static>>,
+    expr_resets: HashMap<ExprInInstantiatedModule<CanonicalType>, Resets>,
     reset_graph: ResetGraph,
     fallback_to_sync_reset: bool,
 }
 
+impl State {
+    fn get_resets(
+        &self,
+        instantiated_module: InstantiatedModule,
+        expr: impl ToExpr,
+    ) -> Option<Resets> {
+        self.expr_resets
+            .get(&ExprInInstantiatedModule {
+                instantiated_module,
+                expr: Expr::canonical(expr.to_expr()),
+            })
+            .copied()
+    }
+    fn get_or_make_resets(
+        &mut self,
+        instantiated_module: InstantiatedModule,
+        expr: impl ToExpr,
+        source_location: Option<SourceLocation>,
+    ) -> (Resets, bool) {
+        let expr = Expr::canonical(expr.to_expr());
+        match self.expr_resets.entry(ExprInInstantiatedModule {
+            instantiated_module,
+            expr,
+        }) {
+            Entry::Occupied(entry) => (*entry.get(), false),
+            Entry::Vacant(entry) => (
+                *entry.insert(Resets::with_new_nodes(
+                    &mut self.reset_graph,
+                    Expr::ty(expr),
+                    source_location,
+                )),
+                true,
+            ),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 struct PassOutput<T, P: Pass>(P::Output<T>);
 
 impl<T, P: Pass> PassOutput<T, P> {
@@ -442,6 +675,19 @@ impl<T: FromIterator<A>, P: Pass, A> FromIterator<PassOutput<A, P>> for PassOutp
     }
 }
 
+trait PassDispatch: Sized {
+    type Input<P: Pass>;
+    type Output<P: Pass>;
+    fn build_reset_graph(
+        self,
+        input: Self::Input<BuildResetGraph>,
+    ) -> Self::Output<BuildResetGraph>;
+    fn substitute_resets(
+        self,
+        input: Self::Input<SubstituteResets>,
+    ) -> Self::Output<SubstituteResets>;
+}
+
 trait Pass: Sized {
     type Output<T>;
     fn output_new<T>(v: T) -> PassOutput<T, Self>;
@@ -452,6 +698,7 @@ trait Pass: Sized {
     ) -> PassOutput<T, Self>;
     fn map<T, U>(v: PassOutput<T, Self>, f: impl FnOnce(T) -> U) -> PassOutput<U, Self>;
     fn zip<T, U>(t: PassOutput<T, Self>, u: PassOutput<U, Self>) -> PassOutput<(T, U), Self>;
+    fn dispatch<D: PassDispatch>(dispatch: D, input: D::Input<Self>) -> D::Output<Self>;
 }
 
 struct BuildResetGraph;
@@ -485,6 +732,10 @@ impl Pass for BuildResetGraph {
     fn zip<T, U>(_t: PassOutput<T, Self>, _u: PassOutput<U, Self>) -> PassOutput<(T, U), Self> {
         PassOutput(())
     }
+
+    fn dispatch<D: PassDispatch>(dispatch: D, input: D::Input<Self>) -> D::Output<Self> {
+        dispatch.build_reset_graph(input)
+    }
 }
 
 struct SubstituteResets;
@@ -517,6 +768,10 @@ impl Pass for SubstituteResets {
     fn zip<T, U>(t: PassOutput<T, Self>, u: PassOutput<U, Self>) -> PassOutput<(T, U), Self> {
         PassOutput((t.0, u.0))
     }
+
+    fn dispatch<D: PassDispatch>(dispatch: D, input: D::Input<Self>) -> D::Output<Self> {
+        dispatch.substitute_resets(input)
+    }
 }
 
 struct PassArgs<'a, P: Pass> {
@@ -560,6 +815,17 @@ impl<'a, P: Pass> PassArgs<'a, P> {
             _phantom: PhantomData,
         }
     }
+    fn get_resets(&self, expr: impl ToExpr) -> Option<Resets> {
+        self.state.get_resets(self.instantiated_module, expr)
+    }
+    fn get_or_make_resets(
+        &mut self,
+        expr: impl ToExpr,
+        source_location: Option<SourceLocation>,
+    ) -> (Resets, bool) {
+        self.state
+            .get_or_make_resets(self.instantiated_module, expr, source_location)
+    }
 }
 
 trait RunPass<P: Pass>: Sized {
@@ -569,6 +835,50 @@ trait RunPass<P: Pass>: Sized {
     ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, P>, DeduceResetsError>;
 }
 
+trait RunPassDispatch: Sized {
+    fn build_reset_graph(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, BuildResetGraph>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, BuildResetGraph>, DeduceResetsError>;
+    fn substitute_resets(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, SubstituteResets>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, SubstituteResets>, DeduceResetsError>;
+    fn dispatch<P: Pass>(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, P>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, P>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        struct Dispatch<'a, T>(T, PhantomData<&'a mut ()>);
+        impl<'a, T: RunPassDispatch> PassDispatch for Dispatch<'a, &'_ T> {
+            type Input<P: Pass> = PassArgs<'a, P>;
+            type Output<P: Pass> = Result<PassOutput<T, P>, DeduceResetsError>;
+
+            fn build_reset_graph(
+                self,
+                input: Self::Input<BuildResetGraph>,
+            ) -> Self::Output<BuildResetGraph> {
+                self.0.build_reset_graph(input)
+            }
+            fn substitute_resets(
+                self,
+                input: Self::Input<SubstituteResets>,
+            ) -> Self::Output<SubstituteResets> {
+                self.0.substitute_resets(input)
+            }
+        }
+        P::dispatch(Dispatch(self, PhantomData), pass_args)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: RunPassDispatch, P: Pass> RunPass<P> for T {
+    fn run_pass(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, P>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, P>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        T::dispatch(self, pass_args)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<T: RunPass<P> + Intern + Clone, P: Pass> RunPass<P> for Interned<T> {
     fn run_pass(
         &self,
@@ -590,6 +900,332 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+impl<T: RunPass<P>, P: Pass> RunPass<P> for Option<T> {
+    fn run_pass(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, P>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, P>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        match self {
+            Some(v) => Ok(v.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(Some)),
+            None => Ok(PassOutput::new(None)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn reg_expr_run_pass<P: Pass, R: ResetType>(
+    reg: &Reg<CanonicalType, R>,
+    pass_args: PassArgs<'_, P>,
+) -> Result<PassOutput<ExprEnum, P>, DeduceResetsError> {
+    Ok(AnyReg::from(*reg)
+        .run_pass(pass_args)?
+        .map(|reg| match_any_reg!(reg, ExprEnum::from)))
+}
+
+impl<P: Pass> RunPass<P> for ExprEnum {
+    fn run_pass(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, P>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, P>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        match self {
+            ExprEnum::UIntLiteral(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::SIntLiteral(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BoolLiteral(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BundleLiteral(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ArrayLiteral(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::EnumLiteral(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::Uninit(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::NotU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::NotS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::NotB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::Neg(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitAndU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitAndS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitAndB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitOrU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitOrS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitOrB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitXorU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitXorS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::BitXorB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::AddU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::AddS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::SubU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::SubS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::MulU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::MulS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::DivU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::DivS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::RemU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::RemS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::DynShlU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::DynShlS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::DynShrU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::DynShrS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::FixedShlU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::FixedShlS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::FixedShrU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::FixedShrS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpLtB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpLeB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpGtB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpGeB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpEqB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpNeB(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpLtU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpLeU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpGtU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpGeU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpEqU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpNeU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpLtS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpLeS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpGtS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpGeS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpEqS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CmpNeS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastUIntToUInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastUIntToSInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastSIntToUInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastSIntToSInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastBoolToUInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastBoolToSInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastUIntToBool(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastSIntToBool(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastBoolToSyncReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastUIntToSyncReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastSIntToSyncReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastBoolToAsyncReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastUIntToAsyncReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastSIntToAsyncReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastSyncResetToBool(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastSyncResetToUInt(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastSyncResetToSInt(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastSyncResetToReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastAsyncResetToBool(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastAsyncResetToUInt(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastAsyncResetToSInt(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastAsyncResetToReset(expr) => {
+                Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from))
+            }
+            ExprEnum::CastResetToBool(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastResetToUInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastResetToSInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastBoolToClock(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastUIntToClock(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastSIntToClock(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastClockToBool(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastClockToUInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastClockToSInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::FieldAccess(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::VariantAccess(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ArrayIndex(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::DynArrayIndex(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ReduceBitAndU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ReduceBitAndS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ReduceBitOrU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ReduceBitOrS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ReduceBitXorU(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ReduceBitXorS(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::SliceUInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::SliceSInt(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastToBits(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::CastBitsTo(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::ModuleIO(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::Instance(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::Wire(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+            ExprEnum::Reg(expr) => reg_expr_run_pass(expr, pass_args),
+            ExprEnum::RegSync(expr) => reg_expr_run_pass(expr, pass_args),
+            ExprEnum::RegAsync(expr) => reg_expr_run_pass(expr, pass_args),
+            ExprEnum::MemPort(expr) => Ok(expr.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(ExprEnum::from)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<P: Pass> RunPass<P> for Expr<CanonicalType> {
+    fn run_pass(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, P>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, P>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        Ok(Expr::expr_enum(*self)
+            .run_pass(pass_args)?
+            .map(|expr_enum| expr_enum.to_expr()))
+    }
+}
+
+impl RunPassDispatch for ModuleIO<CanonicalType> {
+    fn build_reset_graph(
+        &self,
+        mut pass_args: PassArgs<'_, BuildResetGraph>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, BuildResetGraph>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        pass_args.get_or_make_resets(self, Some(self.source_location()));
+        Ok(PassOutput(()))
+    }
+
+    fn substitute_resets(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, SubstituteResets>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, SubstituteResets>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        let resets = pass_args
+            .get_resets(self)
+            .expect("added resets in build_reset_graph");
+        Ok(PassOutput(Self::new_unchecked(
+            self.containing_module_name_id(),
+            self.name_id(),
+            self.source_location(),
+            self.is_input(),
+            resets.substituted_type(
+                &mut pass_args.state.reset_graph,
+                pass_args.state.fallback_to_sync_reset,
+                self.source_location(),
+            )?,
+        )))
+    }
+}
+
+impl RunPassDispatch for Wire<CanonicalType> {
+    fn build_reset_graph(
+        &self,
+        mut pass_args: PassArgs<'_, BuildResetGraph>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, BuildResetGraph>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        pass_args.get_or_make_resets(self, Some(self.source_location()));
+        Ok(PassOutput(()))
+    }
+
+    fn substitute_resets(
+        &self,
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, SubstituteResets>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, SubstituteResets>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        let resets = pass_args
+            .get_resets(self)
+            .expect("added resets in build_reset_graph");
+        Ok(PassOutput(Self::new_unchecked(
+            self.scoped_name(),
+            self.source_location(),
+            resets.substituted_type(
+                &mut pass_args.state.reset_graph,
+                pass_args.state.fallback_to_sync_reset,
+                self.source_location(),
+            )?,
+        )))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ResetType> From<Reg<CanonicalType, T>> for AnyReg {
+    fn from(value: Reg<CanonicalType, T>) -> Self {
+        struct Dispatch;
+        impl ResetTypeDispatch for Dispatch {
+            type Input<T: ResetType> = Reg<CanonicalType, T>;
+            type Output<T: ResetType> = AnyReg;
+
+            fn reset(self, input: Self::Input<Reset>) -> Self::Output<Reset> {
+                AnyReg::Reg(input)
+            }
+
+            fn sync_reset(self, input: Self::Input<SyncReset>) -> Self::Output<SyncReset> {
+                AnyReg::RegSync(input)
+            }
+
+            fn async_reset(self, input: Self::Input<AsyncReset>) -> Self::Output<AsyncReset> {
+                AnyReg::RegAsync(input)
+            }
+        }
+        T::dispatch(value, Dispatch)
+    }
+}
+
+impl RunPassDispatch for AnyReg {
+    fn build_reset_graph(
+        &self,
+        mut pass_args: PassArgs<'_, BuildResetGraph>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, BuildResetGraph>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        match_any_reg!(self, |reg: &Reg<CanonicalType, _>| {
+            pass_args
+                .get_or_make_resets(Expr::canonical(reg.to_expr()), Some(reg.source_location()));
+            reg.init().run_pass(pass_args.as_mut())?;
+            Expr::canonical(reg.clock_domain()).run_pass(pass_args)?;
+            Ok(PassOutput(()))
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn substitute_resets(
+        &self,
+        mut pass_args: PassArgs<'_, SubstituteResets>,
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, SubstituteResets>, DeduceResetsError> {
+        match_any_reg!(self, |reg: &Reg<CanonicalType, _>| {
+            let scoped_name = reg.scoped_name();
+            let source_location = reg.source_location();
+            let resets = pass_args
+                .get_resets(Expr::canonical(reg.to_expr()))
+                .expect("added resets in build_reset_graph");
+            let ty = resets.substituted_type(
+                &mut pass_args.state.reset_graph,
+                pass_args.state.fallback_to_sync_reset,
+                source_location,
+            )?;
+            let init = reg.init().run_pass(pass_args.as_mut())?.0;
+            let clock_domain = Expr::<Bundle>::from_canonical(
+                Expr::canonical(reg.clock_domain()).run_pass(pass_args)?.0,
+            );
+            match Expr::ty(clock_domain)
+                .field_by_name("rst".intern())
+                .expect("ClockDomain has rst field")
+                .ty
+            {
+                CanonicalType::AsyncReset(_) => {
+                    Ok(PassOutput(AnyReg::RegAsync(Reg::new_unchecked(
+                        scoped_name,
+                        source_location,
+                        ty,
+                        Expr::from_bundle(clock_domain),
+                        init,
+                    ))))
+                }
+                CanonicalType::SyncReset(_) => Ok(PassOutput(AnyReg::RegSync(Reg::new_unchecked(
+                    scoped_name,
+                    source_location,
+                    ty,
+                    Expr::from_bundle(clock_domain),
+                    init,
+                )))),
+                CanonicalType::UInt(_)
+                | CanonicalType::SInt(_)
+                | CanonicalType::Bool(_)
+                | CanonicalType::Array(_)
+                | CanonicalType::Enum(_)
+                | CanonicalType::Bundle(_)
+                | CanonicalType::Reset(_)
+                | CanonicalType::Clock(_) => unreachable!(),
+            }
+        })
+    }
+}
+
 macro_rules! impl_run_pass_copy {
     ([$($generics:tt)*] $ty:ty) => {
         impl<P: Pass, $($generics)*> RunPass<P> for $ty {
@@ -616,10 +1252,21 @@ macro_rules! impl_run_pass_clone {
     };
 }
 
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] Interned<str>);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] usize);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] bool);
 impl_run_pass_clone!([] BigInt);
+impl_run_pass_clone!([] UIntValue);
+impl_run_pass_clone!([] SIntValue);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] BlackBoxInlineAnnotation);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] BlackBoxPathAnnotation);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] bool);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] CustomFirrtlAnnotation);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] DocStringAnnotation);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] DontTouchAnnotation);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] ExternModuleBody);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] Interned<str>);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] NameId);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] SourceLocation);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] SVAttributeAnnotation);
+impl_run_pass_copy!([] usize);
 
 macro_rules! impl_run_pass_for_struct {
     (
@@ -690,25 +1337,28 @@ impl_run_pass_for_struct! {
     }
 }
 
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] ExternModuleBody);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] NameId);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] SourceLocation);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] DontTouchAnnotation);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] SVAttributeAnnotation);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] BlackBoxInlineAnnotation);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] BlackBoxPathAnnotation);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] DocStringAnnotation);
-impl_run_pass_copy!([] CustomFirrtlAnnotation);
 impl_run_pass_copy!([] MemPort<DynPortType>); // Mem can't contain any `Reset` types
 impl_run_pass_copy!([] Mem); // Mem can't contain any `Reset` types
 
-impl_run_pass_for_enum! {
+impl<P: Pass> RunPass<P> for TargetBase {
-    impl[] RunPass for TargetBase {
+    fn run_pass(
-        ModuleIO(v),
+        &self,
-        MemPort(v),
+        pass_args: PassArgs<'_, P>,
-        Reg(v),
+    ) -> Result<PassOutput<Self, P>, DeduceResetsError> {
-        Wire(v),
+        let reg = match self {
-        Instance(v),
+            TargetBase::ModuleIO(v) => return Ok(v.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(TargetBase::ModuleIO)),
+            TargetBase::MemPort(v) => return Ok(v.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(TargetBase::MemPort)),
+            &TargetBase::Reg(v) => v.into(),
+            &TargetBase::RegSync(v) => v.into(),
+            &TargetBase::RegAsync(v) => v.into(),
+            TargetBase::Wire(v) => return Ok(v.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(TargetBase::Wire)),
+            TargetBase::Instance(v) => return Ok(v.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(TargetBase::Instance)),
+        };
+        Ok(reg.run_pass(pass_args)?.map(|reg| match reg {
+            AnyReg::Reg(reg) => TargetBase::Reg(reg),
+            AnyReg::RegSync(reg) => TargetBase::RegSync(reg),
+            AnyReg::RegAsync(reg) => TargetBase::RegAsync(reg),
+        }))
     }
 }