diff --git a/src/ast/sls/CMakeLists.txt b/src/ast/sls/CMakeLists.txt
index 8961b535b..a63fc0994 100644
--- a/src/ast/sls/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/ast/sls/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ z3_add_component(ast_sls
     sls_context.cpp
     sls_datatype_plugin.cpp
     sls_euf_plugin.cpp
-    sls_smt_solver.cpp
+    sls_smt_plugin.cpp
+    sls_smt_solver.cpp    
   COMPONENT_DEPENDENCIES
     ast
     euf
diff --git a/src/ast/sls/sls_context.cpp b/src/ast/sls/sls_context.cpp
index 507bee701..2aa932f8a 100644
--- a/src/ast/sls/sls_context.cpp
+++ b/src/ast/sls/sls_context.cpp
@@ -321,6 +321,8 @@ namespace sls {
         expr_ref _e(f, m);
         expr* g, * h, * k;
         sat::literal_vector clause;
+        if (m.is_true(f))
+            return;
         if (m.is_not(f, g) && m.is_not(g, g)) {
             add_clause(g);
             return;
@@ -486,7 +488,7 @@ namespace sls {
         for (sat::literal lit : m_unit_literals)
             m_unit_indices.insert(lit.index());
             
-        verbose_stream() << "UNITS " << m_unit_literals << "\n";
+        IF_VERBOSE(0, verbose_stream() << "UNITS " << m_unit_literals << "\n");
         for (unsigned i = 0; i < m_atoms.size(); ++i)
             if (m_atoms.get(i))
                 register_terms(m_atoms.get(i));
diff --git a/src/ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.cpp b/src/ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..84134ea4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/*++
+Copyright (c) 2024 Microsoft Corporation
+
+Module Name:
+
+    sls_smt_plugin.cpp
+
+Abstract:
+
+    A Stochastic Local Search (SLS) Plugin.
+
+Author:
+
+    Nikolaj Bjorner (nbjorner) 2024-07-10
+    
+--*/
+
+
+#include "ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.h"
+#include "ast/for_each_expr.h"
+#include "ast/bv_decl_plugin.h"
+
+namespace sls {
+
+    smt_plugin::smt_plugin(smt_context& ctx) :
+        ctx(ctx),
+        m(ctx.get_manager()),
+        m_sls(),
+        m_sync(),
+        m_smt2sync_tr(m, m_sync),
+        m_smt2sls_tr(m, m_sls),
+        m_sync_uninterp(m_sync),
+        m_sls_uninterp(m_sls),
+        m_sync_values(m_sync),
+        m_context(m_sls, *this)
+    {
+    }
+    
+    smt_plugin::~smt_plugin() {
+        SASSERT(!m_ddfw);
+    }
+
+    
+    void smt_plugin::check(expr_ref_vector const& fmls) {
+        SASSERT(!m_ddfw);
+        // set up state for local search theory_sls here
+        m_result = l_undef;
+        m_completed = false;
+        m_units.reset();
+        m_has_units = false;
+        m_model = nullptr;
+        m_sls_model = nullptr;
+        m_ddfw = alloc(sat::ddfw);
+        m_ddfw->set_plugin(this);
+        m_ddfw->updt_params(ctx.get_params());
+
+        for (auto fml : fmls) 
+            m_context.add_constraint(m_smt2sls_tr(fml));     
+
+        // m_context.display(verbose_stream());
+
+        for (unsigned v = 0; v < ctx.get_num_bool_vars(); ++v) {
+            expr* e = ctx.bool_var2expr(v);
+            if (!e)
+                continue;
+            for (auto t : subterms::all(expr_ref(e, m))) 
+                add_shared_term(e);            
+
+            expr_ref sls_e(m_sls);
+            sls_e = m_smt2sls_tr(e);
+            auto w = m_context.atom2bool_var(sls_e);            
+            if (w != sat::null_bool_var) {
+                verbose_stream() << mk_bounded_pp(e, m) << ": " << v << " -> " << w << "\n";
+                m_smt_bool_var2sls_bool_var.setx(v, w, sat::null_bool_var);
+                m_sls_bool_var2smt_bool_var.setx(w, v, sat::null_bool_var);
+                
+                add_shared_var(w);            
+            }
+        }
+
+        m_thread = std::thread([this]() { run(); });
+    }
+
+    void smt_plugin::run() {
+        if (!m_ddfw)
+            return;
+        m_result = m_ddfw->check(0, nullptr);
+        IF_VERBOSE(1, verbose_stream() << "sls-result " << m_result << "\n");
+        m_completed = true;   
+    }
+    
+    void smt_plugin::finalize(model_ref& mdl, ::statistics& st) {
+        auto* d = m_ddfw;
+        if (!d)
+            return;
+        bool canceled = !m_completed;
+        IF_VERBOSE(0, verbose_stream() << "finalize\n");
+        mdl = m_model;
+        if (!m_completed) {
+            d->rlimit().cancel();
+            if (m_thread.joinable())
+                m_thread.join();    
+        }
+        if (m_result == l_true && m_sls_model) {
+            ast_translation tr(m_sls, m);
+            m_model = m_sls_model->translate(tr);
+            TRACE("sls", tout << "model: " << *m_sls_model << "\n";);
+            if (!canceled)
+                ctx.set_finished();
+        }
+        m_ddfw = nullptr;
+        // m_ddfw owns the pointer to smt_plugin and destructs it.
+        dealloc(d); 
+    }
+        
+    void smt_plugin::collect_statistics(statistics& st) {
+
+    }
+    std::ostream& smt_plugin::display(std::ostream& out) {
+        m_ddfw->display(out);
+        m_context.display(out);
+        return out;
+    }
+        
+    bool smt_plugin::is_shared(sat::literal lit) {
+        auto w = m_smt_bool_var2sls_bool_var.get(lit.var(), sat::null_bool_var);
+        if (w != sat::null_bool_var)
+            return true;
+        auto e = ctx.bool_var2expr(lit.var());
+        expr* t = nullptr;
+        if (!e)
+            return false;
+        bv_util bv(m);
+        if (bv.is_bit2bool(e, t) && m_shared_terms.contains(t->get_id())) {
+            verbose_stream() << "shared bit2bool " << mk_bounded_pp(e, ctx.get_manager()) << "\n";
+            return true;
+        }
+        
+        // if arith.is_le(e, s, t) && t is a numeral, s is shared-term....
+        return false;
+    }
+
+
+    void smt_plugin::add_unit(sat::literal lit) {
+        if (!is_shared(lit))
+            return;
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        m_units.push_back(lit);
+        m_has_units = true;        
+    }
+    
+    void smt_plugin::import_phase_from_smt() {
+        if (m_has_new_sat_phase)
+            return;
+        m_has_new_sat_phase = true;
+        IF_VERBOSE(3, verbose_stream() << "new SMT -> SLS phase\n");
+        ctx.set_has_new_best_phase(false);
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        for (auto v : m_shared_bool_vars) 
+            m_sat_phase[v] = ctx.get_best_phase(v);
+    }
+
+    bool smt_plugin::export_to_sls() {
+        bool updated = false;
+        if (export_units_to_sls())
+            updated = true;
+        if (export_phase_to_sls())
+            updated = true;
+        return updated;
+    }
+    
+    bool smt_plugin::export_phase_to_sls() {
+        if (!m_has_new_sat_phase)
+            return false;
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        IF_VERBOSE(3, verbose_stream() << "SMT -> SLS phase\n");
+        for (auto i : m_shared_bool_vars) {
+            auto v = m_smt_bool_var2sls_bool_var[i];
+            if (m_sat_phase[v] != is_true(sat::literal(v, false))) 
+                flip(v);
+            m_ddfw->bias(v) = m_sat_phase[v] ? 1 : -1;
+        }
+        m_has_new_sat_phase = false;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool smt_plugin::export_units_to_sls() {
+        if (!m_has_units)
+            return false;
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        IF_VERBOSE(2, verbose_stream() << "SMT -> SLS units " << m_units << "\n");
+        for (auto lit : m_units) {
+            if (m_shared_bool_vars.contains(lit.var())) {
+                sat::literal sls_lit(m_smt_bool_var2sls_bool_var[lit.var()], false);
+                IF_VERBOSE(10, verbose_stream() << "unit " << sls_lit << "\n");
+                m_ddfw->add(1, &sls_lit);
+            }
+            else {
+                IF_VERBOSE(0, verbose_stream() << "value restriction " << lit << " "
+                           << mk_bounded_pp(ctx.bool_var2expr(lit.var()), m) << "\n");
+            }
+        }        
+        m_has_units = false;
+        m_units.reset();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void smt_plugin::import_from_sls() {
+        if (unsat().size() > m_min_unsat_size)
+            return;
+        m_min_unsat_size = unsat().size();
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);            
+        for (auto v : m_shared_bool_vars) {
+            m_rewards[v] = m_ddfw->get_reward_avg(v);
+            m_sls_phase[v] = l_true == m_ddfw->get_model()[v];
+            m_has_new_sls_phase = true;
+        }
+        // import_values_from_sls();
+    }
+
+    void smt_plugin::import_values_from_sls() {
+        IF_VERBOSE(3, verbose_stream() << "import values from sls\n");
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        for (auto const& [t, t_sync] : m_sls2sync_uninterp) {
+            expr_ref val_t = m_context.get_value(t);
+            m_sync_values.set(t_sync->get_id(), m_smt2sync_tr(val_t.get()));
+        }
+        m_has_new_sls_values = true;
+    }        
+
+
+    
+    void smt_plugin::export_activity_to_smt() {
+
+    }
+    
+    void smt_plugin::export_values_to_smt() {
+
+    }
+
+    void smt_plugin::add_shared_term(expr* t) {
+        m_shared_terms.insert(t->get_id());
+        if (is_uninterp(t))
+            add_uninterp(t);
+    }
+
+    void smt_plugin::add_uninterp(expr* smt_t) {
+        auto sync_t = m_smt2sync_tr(smt_t);
+        auto sls_t = m_smt2sls_tr(smt_t);
+        m_sync_uninterp.push_back(sync_t);
+        m_sls_uninterp.push_back(sls_t);
+        m_smt2sync_uninterp.insert(smt_t, sync_t);
+        m_sls2sync_uninterp.insert(sls_t, sync_t);
+    }
+
+    void smt_plugin::add_shared_var(sat::bool_var v) {
+        m_sls_phase.reserve(v + 1);
+        m_sat_phase.reserve(v + 1);
+        m_rewards.reserve(v + 1);
+        m_shared_bool_vars.insert(v);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.h b/src/ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..18164217a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*++
+Copyright (c) 2024 Microsoft Corporation
+
+Module Name:
+
+    sls_smt_plugin.h
+
+Abstract:
+
+    A Stochastic Local Search (SLS) Plugin.
+
+Author:
+
+    Nikolaj Bjorner (nbjorner) 2024-07-10
+    
+--*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ast/sls/sls_context.h"
+#include "ast/sls/sat_ddfw.h"
+#include "util/statistics.h"
+#include <thread>
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace sls {
+
+    class smt_context {
+    public:
+        virtual ast_manager& get_manager() = 0;
+        virtual params_ref get_params() = 0;
+        virtual void initialize_value(expr* t, expr* v) = 0;
+        virtual void force_phase(sat::literal lit) = 0;
+        virtual void set_has_new_best_phase(bool b) = 0;
+        virtual bool get_best_phase(sat::bool_var v) = 0;
+        virtual expr* bool_var2expr(sat::bool_var v) = 0;
+        virtual void set_finished() = 0;
+        virtual unsigned get_num_bool_vars() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    class smt_plugin : public sat::local_search_plugin, public sat_solver_context {
+        smt_context& ctx;
+        ast_manager& m;
+        ast_manager  m_sls;
+        ast_manager  m_sync;
+        ast_translation m_smt2sync_tr, m_smt2sls_tr;
+        expr_ref_vector m_sync_uninterp, m_sls_uninterp; 
+        expr_ref_vector m_sync_values;
+        sat::ddfw* m_ddfw = nullptr;
+        sls::context m_context;
+        std::atomic<lbool> m_result;
+        std::atomic<bool> m_completed, m_has_units;
+        std::thread m_thread;
+        std::mutex  m_mutex;
+        // m is accessed by the main thread
+        // m_slsm is accessed by the sls thread
+        sat::literal_vector m_units;
+        model_ref m_model, m_sls_model;
+        unsigned m_trail_lim = 0;
+        ::statistics m_st;
+        bool m_new_clause_added = false; 
+        unsigned m_min_unsat_size = UINT_MAX;
+        obj_map<expr, expr*> m_sls2sync_uninterp; // hashtable from sls-uninterp to sync uninterp
+        obj_map<expr, expr*> m_smt2sync_uninterp; // hashtable from external uninterp to sync uninterp
+        std::atomic<bool> m_has_new_sls_values = false;
+
+        uint_set m_shared_bool_vars, m_shared_terms;
+        svector<bool> m_sat_phase;
+        std::atomic<bool> m_has_new_sat_phase = false;
+
+        std::atomic<bool> m_has_new_sls_phase = false;
+        svector<bool> m_sls_phase;
+
+        svector<double> m_rewards;
+        svector<sat::bool_var> m_smt_bool_var2sls_bool_var, m_sls_bool_var2smt_bool_var;
+
+
+        
+        bool is_shared(sat::literal lit);
+        void run();
+        void add_shared_term(expr* t);
+
+        void add_uninterp(expr* smt_t);
+        void add_shared_var(sat::bool_var v);
+
+        void import_phase_from_smt();
+        void import_values_from_sls();
+        bool export_phase_to_sls();
+        bool export_units_to_sls();
+        void export_activity_to_smt();
+        void export_values_to_smt();
+
+
+        friend class sat::ddfw;
+        ~smt_plugin();
+
+    public:
+        smt_plugin(smt_context& ctx);
+
+        // interface to calling solver:
+        void check(expr_ref_vector const& fmls);
+        void finalize(model_ref& md, ::statistics& st);
+        void updt_params(params_ref& p) {}
+        void collect_statistics(statistics& st);
+        std::ostream& display(std::ostream& out) override;
+        void import_from_sls();
+        bool export_to_sls();
+        bool completed() { return m_completed; }
+        void add_unit(sat::literal lit);
+
+
+        // local_search_plugin:
+        void on_restart() override {
+            if (export_to_sls())
+                m_ddfw->reinit();
+        }
+
+        void on_save_model() override {
+            TRACE("sls", display(tout));
+            while (unsat().empty()) {
+                m_context.check();
+                if (!m_new_clause_added)
+                    break;
+                m_ddfw->reinit();
+                m_new_clause_added = false;
+            }
+            //import_from_sls();
+        }
+
+        void on_model(model_ref& mdl) override {
+            IF_VERBOSE(3, verbose_stream() << "on-model " << "\n");
+            m_sls_model = mdl;
+        }
+
+        void init_search() override {}
+
+        void finish_search() override {}
+
+        void on_rescale() override {}
+
+
+        
+        // sat_solver_context:
+        vector<sat::clause_info> const& clauses() const override { return m_ddfw->clauses(); }
+        sat::clause_info const& get_clause(unsigned idx) const override { return m_ddfw->get_clause_info(idx); }
+        ptr_iterator<unsigned> get_use_list(sat::literal lit) override { return m_ddfw->use_list(lit); }
+        void flip(sat::bool_var v) override { 
+            m_ddfw->flip(v);
+        }
+        double reward(sat::bool_var v) override { return m_ddfw->get_reward(v); }
+        double get_weigth(unsigned clause_idx) override { return m_ddfw->get_clause_info(clause_idx).m_weight; }
+        bool is_true(sat::literal lit) override { 
+            return m_ddfw->get_value(lit.var()) != lit.sign(); 
+        }
+        unsigned num_vars() const override { return m_ddfw->num_vars(); }
+        indexed_uint_set const& unsat() const override { return m_ddfw->unsat_set(); }
+        sat::bool_var add_var() override { 
+            return m_ddfw->add_var(); 
+        }
+        void add_clause(unsigned n, sat::literal const* lits) override { 
+            m_ddfw->add(n, lits);
+            m_new_clause_added = true;
+        }
+        void force_restart() override { m_ddfw->force_restart(); }
+
+
+    };
+}
diff --git a/src/sat/smt/arith_solver.cpp b/src/sat/smt/arith_solver.cpp
index 3da8fa4a0..da9440761 100644
--- a/src/sat/smt/arith_solver.cpp
+++ b/src/sat/smt/arith_solver.cpp
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ namespace arith {
         for (auto ev : m_explanation)
             set_evidence(ev.ci());
         
-        TRACE("arith",
+        TRACE("arith_conflict",
             tout << "Lemma - " << (is_conflict ? "conflict" : "propagation") << "\n";
             for (literal c : m_core) tout << c << ": " << literal2expr(c) << "\n";
             for (auto p : m_eqs) tout << ctx.bpp(p.first) << " == " << ctx.bpp(p.second) << "\n";);
@@ -1270,6 +1270,7 @@ namespace arith {
                 m_core.push_back(ctx.mk_literal(m.mk_eq(eq.first->get_expr(), eq.second->get_expr())));
             for (literal& c : m_core)
                 c.neg();
+            DEBUG_CODE(for (literal c : m_core) { SASSERT(s().value(c) != l_true); });
             
             add_redundant(m_core, explain(ty));
         }
@@ -1520,10 +1521,13 @@ namespace arith {
         }
         for (auto const& ineq : m_nla->literals()) {
             auto lit = mk_ineq_literal(ineq);
+            if (s().value(lit) == l_true)
+                continue;
             ctx.mark_relevant(lit);
             s().set_phase(lit);
+            verbose_stream() << lit << ":= " << s().value(lit) << "\n";
             // force trichotomy axiom for equality literals
-            if (ineq.cmp() == lp::EQ) {
+            if (ineq.cmp() == lp::EQ && false) {
                 nla::lemma l;
                 l.push_back(ineq);
                 l.push_back(nla::ineq(lp::LT, ineq.term(), ineq.rs()));
diff --git a/src/sat/smt/sls_solver.cpp b/src/sat/smt/sls_solver.cpp
index a80ef1511..b78b7e1b9 100644
--- a/src/sat/smt/sls_solver.cpp
+++ b/src/sat/smt/sls_solver.cpp
@@ -62,12 +62,17 @@ namespace sls {
             if (!s.m_has_units)
                 return false;
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(s.m_mutex);
-            IF_VERBOSE(3, verbose_stream() << "SMT -> SLS units " << s.m_units << "\n");
-            for (auto lit : s.m_units)
-                if (m_shared_vars.contains(lit.var())) {
-                    IF_VERBOSE(10, verbose_stream() << "unit " << lit << "\n");                        
+            IF_VERBOSE(2, verbose_stream() << "SMT -> SLS units " << s.m_units << "\n");
+            for (auto lit : s.m_units) {
+                if (m_shared_bool_vars.contains(lit.var())) {
+                    IF_VERBOSE(10, verbose_stream() << "unit " << lit << "\n");
                     m_ddfw->add(1, &lit);
                 }
+                else {
+                    IF_VERBOSE(0, verbose_stream() << "value restriction " << lit << " " << mk_bounded_pp(s.ctx.bool_var2expr(lit.var()), s.ctx.get_manager()) << "\n");
+                }
+            }
+            
             s.m_has_units = false;
             s.m_units.reset();
             return true;
@@ -78,7 +83,7 @@ namespace sls {
                 return false;
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(s.m_mutex);
             IF_VERBOSE(3, verbose_stream() << "SMT -> SLS phase\n");
-            for (auto i : m_shared_vars) {
+            for (auto i : m_shared_bool_vars) {
                 if (m_sat_phase[i] != is_true(sat::literal(i, false))) 
                     flip(i);
                 m_ddfw->bias(i) = m_sat_phase[i] ? 1 : -1;
@@ -105,7 +110,7 @@ namespace sls {
                 return;
             m_min_unsat_size = unsat().size();
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(s.m_mutex);            
-            for (auto v : m_shared_vars) {
+            for (auto v : m_shared_bool_vars) {
                 m_rewards[v] = m_ddfw->get_reward_avg(v);
                 m_sls_phase[v] = l_true == m_ddfw->get_model()[v];
                 m_has_new_sls_phase = true;
@@ -123,7 +128,16 @@ namespace sls {
             }
             m_has_new_sls_values = true;
         }        
+
+
         
+        void add_uninterp(expr* smt_t) {
+            auto sync_t = m_smt2sync_tr(smt_t);
+            auto sls_t = m_smt2sls_tr(smt_t);
+            m_sync_uninterp.push_back(sync_t);
+            m_smt2sync_uninterp.insert(smt_t, sync_t);
+            m_sls2sync_uninterp.insert(sls_t, sync_t);
+        }
 
     public:
         smt_plugin(ast_manager& m, solver& s, sat::ddfw* d) : 
@@ -135,7 +149,7 @@ namespace sls {
         {            
         }
 
-        uint_set m_shared_vars;
+        uint_set m_shared_bool_vars, m_shared_terms;
         svector<bool> m_sat_phase;
         std::atomic<bool> m_has_new_sat_phase = false;
 
@@ -144,19 +158,19 @@ namespace sls {
 
         svector<double> m_rewards;
 
-        void add_uninterp(expr* smt_t) {
-            auto sync_t = m_smt2sync_tr(smt_t);
-            auto sls_t = m_smt2sls_tr(smt_t);
-            m_sync_uninterp.push_back(sync_t);
-            m_smt2sync_uninterp.insert(smt_t, sync_t);
-            m_sls2sync_uninterp.insert(sls_t, sync_t);
+
+
+        void add_shared_term(expr* t) {
+            m_shared_terms.insert(t->get_id());
+            if (is_uninterp(t))
+                add_uninterp(t);
         }
 
         void add_shared_var(sat::bool_var v) {
             m_sls_phase.reserve(v + 1);
             m_sat_phase.reserve(v + 1);
             m_rewards.reserve(v + 1);
-            m_shared_vars.insert(v);
+            m_shared_bool_vars.insert(v);
         }
         
         void init_search() override {}
@@ -250,7 +264,7 @@ namespace sls {
             IF_VERBOSE(3, verbose_stream() << "new SMT -> SLS phase\n");
             s.s().set_has_new_best_phase(false);
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(s.m_mutex);
-            for (auto v : m_shared_vars) 
+            for (auto v : m_shared_bool_vars) 
                 m_sat_phase[v] = s.s().get_best_phase(v);            
         }
 
@@ -258,6 +272,22 @@ namespace sls {
             // TODO
         }
 
+        // determine if unit literal restricts values of shared subterms.
+        bool is_value_restriction(sat::literal lit) {
+            auto e = s.ctx.bool_var2expr(lit.var());
+            expr* t = nullptr;
+            if (!e)
+                return false;
+            bv_util bv(s.ctx.get_manager());
+            if (bv.is_bit2bool(e, t) && m_shared_terms.contains(t->get_id())) {
+                verbose_stream() << "shared bit2bool " << mk_bounded_pp(e, s.ctx.get_manager()) << "\n";
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            // if arith.is_le(e, s, t) && t is a numeral, s is shared-term....
+            return false;
+        }
+
     };
 
     void solver::finalize() {
@@ -287,12 +317,12 @@ namespace sls {
             return;
         for (; m_trail_lim < s().init_trail_size(); ++m_trail_lim) {
             auto lit = s().trail_literal(m_trail_lim);
-            if (!m_smt_plugin->m_shared_vars.contains(lit.var()))
-                continue;
-            IF_VERBOSE(10, verbose_stream() << "push unit " << lit << " " << mk_bounded_pp(ctx.literal2expr(lit), m) << "\n");
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
-            m_units.push_back(lit);
-            m_has_units = true;
+            if (m_smt_plugin->is_value_restriction(lit) ||
+                m_smt_plugin->m_shared_bool_vars.contains(lit.var())) {
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+                m_units.push_back(lit);
+                m_has_units = true;
+            }
         }        
         if (s().has_new_best_phase())
             m_smt_plugin->import_phase_from_smt();
@@ -329,15 +359,14 @@ namespace sls {
             for (auto lit : clause)
                 m_smt_plugin->add_shared_var(lit.var());
         }
-        for (auto v : m_smt_plugin->m_shared_vars) {
+        for (auto v : m_smt_plugin->m_shared_bool_vars) {
             expr* e = ctx.bool_var2expr(v);
             if (!e)
                 continue;
             m_smt_plugin->register_atom(v, tr(e));
-            for (auto t : subterms::all(expr_ref(e, m))) {
-                if (is_uninterp(t))                    
-                    m_smt_plugin->add_uninterp(t);                
-            }
+            for (auto t : subterms::all(expr_ref(e, m))) 
+                m_smt_plugin->add_shared_term(e);            
+            
         }
 
         m_thread = std::thread([this]() { run_local_search_async(); });        
diff --git a/src/smt/CMakeLists.txt b/src/smt/CMakeLists.txt
index e6ee97046..3922e9373 100644
--- a/src/smt/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/smt/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ z3_add_component(smt
     theory_pb.cpp
     theory_recfun.cpp
     theory_seq.cpp
+    theory_sls.cpp
     theory_special_relations.cpp
     theory_str.cpp
     theory_str_mc.cpp
diff --git a/src/smt/smt_context.cpp b/src/smt/smt_context.cpp
index 9ceee136f..e81e19eb2 100644
--- a/src/smt/smt_context.cpp
+++ b/src/smt/smt_context.cpp
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ Revision History:
 #include "smt/uses_theory.h"
 #include "smt/theory_special_relations.h"
 #include "smt/theory_polymorphism.h"
+#include "smt/theory_sls.h"
 #include "smt/smt_for_each_relevant_expr.h"
 #include "smt/smt_model_generator.h"
 #include "smt/smt_model_checker.h"
@@ -3506,6 +3507,10 @@ namespace smt {
         if (r == l_true && get_cancel_flag()) {
             r = l_undef;
         }
+        if (r == l_undef && get_cancel_flag() && has_sls_model()) {
+            m.limit().reset_cancel();
+            r = l_true;
+        }
         if (r == l_true && gparams::get_value("model_validate") == "true") {
             recfun::util u(m);
             if (u.get_rec_funs().empty() && m_proto_model) {
@@ -3581,6 +3586,20 @@ namespace smt {
         return r;
     }
 
+    bool context::has_sls_model() {
+        if (!m_fparams.m_sls_enable)
+            return false;
+        auto tid = m.get_family_id("sls");
+        auto p = m_theories.get_plugin(tid);
+        if (!p)
+            return false;
+        auto mdl = dynamic_cast<theory_sls*>(p)->get_model();
+        if (!mdl)
+            return false;
+        m_model = mdl;        
+        return true;
+    }
+
     /**
        \brief Setup the logical context based on the current set of
        asserted formulas and execute the check command.
diff --git a/src/smt/smt_context.h b/src/smt/smt_context.h
index 715b28f23..fe2bc0f6f 100644
--- a/src/smt/smt_context.h
+++ b/src/smt/smt_context.h
@@ -619,6 +619,9 @@ namespace smt {
         friend class set_var_theory_trail;
         void set_var_theory(bool_var v, theory_id tid);
 
+
+        bool has_sls_model();
+
         // -----------------------------------
         //
         // Backtracking support
diff --git a/src/smt/smt_setup.cpp b/src/smt/smt_setup.cpp
index caeca9659..b227d9913 100644
--- a/src/smt/smt_setup.cpp
+++ b/src/smt/smt_setup.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ Revision History:
 #include "smt/theory_seq.h"
 #include "smt/theory_char.h"
 #include "smt/theory_special_relations.h"
+#include "smt/theory_sls.h"
 #include "smt/theory_pb.h"
 #include "smt/theory_fpa.h"
 #include "smt/theory_str.h"
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ namespace smt {
         case CFG_AUTO:  setup_auto_config(); break;
         }
         setup_card();
+        setup_sls();
     }
 
     void setup::setup_default() {
@@ -766,6 +768,11 @@ namespace smt {
         m_context.register_plugin(alloc(theory_pb, m_context));
     }
 
+    void setup::setup_sls() {
+        if (m_params.m_sls_enable)
+            m_context.register_plugin(alloc(theory_sls, m_context));
+    }
+
     void setup::setup_fpa() {
         setup_bv();
         m_context.register_plugin(alloc(theory_fpa, m_context));
diff --git a/src/smt/smt_setup.h b/src/smt/smt_setup.h
index bb4a81671..acbea59cb 100644
--- a/src/smt/smt_setup.h
+++ b/src/smt/smt_setup.h
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ namespace smt {
         void setup_seq();
         void setup_char();
         void setup_card();
+        void setup_sls();
         void setup_i_arith();
         void setup_mi_arith();
         void setup_lra_arith();
diff --git a/src/smt/theory_lra.cpp b/src/smt/theory_lra.cpp
index 5a3cbbd1a..c9ea77612 100644
--- a/src/smt/theory_lra.cpp
+++ b/src/smt/theory_lra.cpp
@@ -3254,7 +3254,7 @@ public:
               tout << "@" << ctx().get_scope_level() << (is_conflict ? " conflict":" lemma");
               for (auto const& p : m_params) tout << " " << p;
               tout << "\n";
-              display_evidence(tout, m_explanation););
+              display_evidence(tout << core << " ", m_explanation););
         for (auto ev : m_explanation) 
             set_evidence(ev.ci(), m_core, m_eqs);
 
diff --git a/src/smt/theory_sls.cpp b/src/smt/theory_sls.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3db0b1820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/smt/theory_sls.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+/*++
+Copyright (c) 2020 Microsoft Corporation
+
+Module Name:
+
+    theory_sls
+    
+Abstract:
+
+    Interface to Concurrent SLS solver
+    
+Author:
+
+    Nikolaj Bjorner (nbjorner) 2024-02-21
+
+
+--*/
+
+#include "smt/theory_sls.h"
+#include "smt/smt_context.h"
+#include "ast/sls/sls_context.h"
+#include "ast/for_each_expr.h"
+
+namespace smt {
+
+#ifdef SINGLE_THREAD
+
+
+#else
+    theory_sls::theory_sls(smt::context& ctx):
+        theory(ctx, ctx.get_manager().mk_family_id("sls"))
+    {}
+
+    theory_sls::~theory_sls() {
+        finalize();
+    }
+    
+    params_ref theory_sls::get_params() {
+        return ctx.get_params();
+    }
+    
+    void theory_sls::initialize_value(expr* t, expr* v) {
+        ctx.user_propagate_initialize_value(t, v);
+    }
+    
+    void theory_sls::force_phase(sat::literal lit) {
+        ctx.force_phase(lit);
+    }
+    
+    void theory_sls::set_has_new_best_phase(bool b) {
+        
+    }
+    
+    bool theory_sls::get_best_phase(sat::bool_var v) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    
+    expr* theory_sls::bool_var2expr(sat::bool_var v) {
+        return ctx.bool_var2expr(v);
+    }
+    
+    void theory_sls::set_finished() {
+        m.limit().cancel();
+    }
+    
+    unsigned theory_sls::get_num_bool_vars() const {
+        return ctx.get_num_bool_vars();
+    }
+
+    void theory_sls::finalize() {
+        if (!m_smt_plugin)
+            return;
+
+        m_smt_plugin->finalize(m_model, m_st);
+        m_model = nullptr;
+        m_smt_plugin = nullptr;        
+    }
+
+    void theory_sls::propagate() {
+        if (m_smt_plugin && !m_checking) {
+            expr_ref_vector fmls(m);
+            for (unsigned i = 0; i < ctx.get_num_asserted_formulas(); ++i)
+                fmls.push_back(ctx.get_asserted_formula(i));
+            m_checking = true;
+            m_smt_plugin->check(fmls);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!m_smt_plugin)
+            return;
+        if (!m_smt_plugin->completed())
+            return;
+        m_smt_plugin->finalize(m_model, m_st);
+        m_smt_plugin = nullptr;
+    }    
+
+    void theory_sls::pop_scope_eh(unsigned n) {
+        if (!m_smt_plugin)
+            return;
+        
+        unsigned scope_lvl = ctx.get_scope_level();
+        if (ctx.get_search_level() == scope_lvl - n) {
+            auto& lits = ctx.assigned_literals();
+            for (; m_trail_lim < lits.size() && ctx.get_assign_level(lits[m_trail_lim]) == scope_lvl; ++m_trail_lim) {
+                auto lit = lits[m_trail_lim];
+                m_smt_plugin->add_unit(lit);                
+            }
+        }
+#if 0
+        if (ctx.has_new_best_phase())
+            m_smt_plugin->import_phase_from_smt();
+
+#endif
+        
+        m_smt_plugin->import_from_sls();        
+    }       
+
+
+    void theory_sls::init() {
+        if (m_smt_plugin) 
+            finalize();
+        m_smt_plugin = alloc(sls::smt_plugin, *this);    
+        m_checking = false;
+    }
+
+    void theory_sls::collect_statistics(::statistics& st) const {
+        st.copy(m_st);
+    }
+
+    void theory_sls::display(std::ostream& out) const {
+        out << "theory-sls\n";
+    }
+
+
+
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/src/smt/theory_sls.h b/src/smt/theory_sls.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9174d413c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/smt/theory_sls.h
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*++
+Copyright (c) 2020 Microsoft Corporation
+
+Module Name:
+
+    theory_sls
+    
+Abstract:
+
+    Interface to Concurrent SLS solver
+    
+Author:
+
+    Nikolaj Bjorner (nbjorner) 2024-02-21
+
+--*/
+#pragma once
+
+
+#include "util/rlimit.h"
+#include "ast/sls/sat_ddfw.h"
+#include "smt/smt_theory.h"
+#include "model/model.h"
+
+
+#ifdef SINGLE_THREAD
+
+
+namespace sls {
+
+
+}
+
+#else
+
+#include "ast/sls/sls_smt_plugin.h"
+class context;
+
+namespace smt {
+    class theory_sls : public smt::theory, public sls::smt_context {
+        model_ref m_model;
+        sls::smt_plugin* m_smt_plugin = nullptr;
+        unsigned m_trail_lim = 0;
+        bool m_checking = false;
+        ::statistics m_st;
+
+        void finalize();
+
+    public:
+        theory_sls(context& ctx);
+        ~theory_sls() override;
+        model_ref get_model() { return m_model; }
+        char const* get_name() const override { return "sls"; }
+        void init() override;
+        void pop_scope_eh(unsigned n) override;
+        smt::theory* mk_fresh(context* new_ctx) override { return alloc(theory_sls, *new_ctx); }
+        void collect_statistics(::statistics& st) const override;
+        void propagate() override;
+        void display(std::ostream& out) const override;
+        bool internalize_atom(app * atom, bool gate_ctx) override { return false; }
+        bool internalize_term(app* term) override { return false; }
+        void new_eq_eh(theory_var v1, theory_var v2) override {}
+        void new_diseq_eh(theory_var v1, theory_var v2) override {}
+
+        ast_manager& get_manager() override { return m; }
+        params_ref get_params() override;
+        void initialize_value(expr* t, expr* v) override;
+        void force_phase(sat::literal lit) override;
+        void set_has_new_best_phase(bool b) override;
+        bool get_best_phase(sat::bool_var v) override;
+        expr* bool_var2expr(sat::bool_var v) override;
+        void set_finished() override;
+        unsigned get_num_bool_vars() const override;
+
+    };
+
+}
+
+#endif