Add missing API functions to C++, Java, C#, and TypeScript bindings (#8152)

* Initial plan

* Add missing API functions to C++, Java, C#, and TypeScript bindings

Co-authored-by: NikolajBjorner <3085284+NikolajBjorner@users.noreply.github.com>

* Fix TypeScript type errors in new API functions

Co-authored-by: NikolajBjorner <3085284+NikolajBjorner@users.noreply.github.com>

* Address code review comments and add documentation

Co-authored-by: NikolajBjorner <3085284+NikolajBjorner@users.noreply.github.com>

* Fix TypeScript async issue in polynomialSubresultants

Co-authored-by: NikolajBjorner <3085284+NikolajBjorner@users.noreply.github.com>

* Delete API_COHERENCE_FIXES.md

---------

Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: NikolajBjorner <3085284+NikolajBjorner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Nikolaj Bjorner <nbjorner@microsoft.com>

src/api/java/Context.java

@@ -4291,7 +4291,7 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates or a partial order.
+     * Creates a partial order.
      * @param index The index of the order.
      * @param sort The sort of the order.
      */
@@ -4306,6 +4306,40 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
         );
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Create the transitive closure of a binary relation.
+     * The resulting relation is recursive.
+     * @param f function declaration of a binary relation
+     */
+    public final <R extends Sort> FuncDecl<BoolSort> mkTransitiveClosure(FuncDecl<BoolSort> f) {
+        return (FuncDecl<BoolSort>) FuncDecl.create(
+                this,
+                Native.mkTransitiveClosure(
+                    nCtx(),
+                    f.getNativeObject()
+                )
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the nonzero subresultants of p and q with respect to the "variable" x.
+     * Note that any subterm that cannot be viewed as a polynomial is assumed to be a variable.
+     * @param p arithmetic term
+     * @param q arithmetic term
+     * @param x variable
+     */
+    public final <R extends Sort> ASTVector polynomialSubresultants(Expr<R> p, Expr<R> q, Expr<R> x) {
+        return new ASTVector(
+                this,
+                Native.polynomialSubresultants(
+                    nCtx(),
+                    p.getNativeObject(),
+                    q.getNativeObject(),
+                    x.getNativeObject()
+                )
+        );
+    }
+
     /**
      * Wraps an AST.
      * Remarks: This function is used for transitions between