Fix Go bindings and enable in CI

- Fix all compilation errors in Go bindings
- Add missing type definitions (Pattern, ASTVector, ParamDescrs)
- Fix boolean comparisons to use bool() casts
- Fix Z3_app type casts using unsafe.Pointer
- Fix null symbol handling to use nil
- Fix unused variable in basic_example.go
- Fix CMake test target to run from examples/go directory
- Restore CI steps to build and test Go bindings

Co-authored-by: NikolajBjorner <3085284+NikolajBjorner@users.noreply.github.com>

src/api/go/log.go

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func OpenLog(filename string) bool {
 	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cFilename))
 	
 	result := C.Z3_open_log(cFilename)
-	if result != 0 {
+	if bool(result) {
 		isLogOpen = true
 		return true
 	}