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Implement proposed smtlib2 bitvector overflow predicates (#6715)

* Logical names for function declarations in c++

Currently, for example, the function declaration symbol member for
checking whether multiplication *does not* overflow is called
`m_bv_smul_ovfl`.  Since we are introducing the upcoming smtlib2 symbols
that check that multpliciation *does* overflow, the not overflow check
symbols are renamed to `m_bv_smul_no_ovfl` etc.

* Implement smtlib overflow preds for multiplication

Smtlib2 is being extended to include overflow predicates for bit
vectors (see https://groups.google.com/u/1/g/smt-lib/c/J4D99wT0aKI).
This commit introduces the predicates `bvumulo` and `bvsmulo` that
return `true` if the unsigned multiplication overflows or the signed
multiplication underflows or overflows, respectively.

* Move mul overflow predicates to BV logic

* Add a todo on illogical argument order

* Implement mk_unary_pred for bv

* Implement bvnego

* Implement bvuaddo

* Implement bvsaddo

* Implement bvusubo

* Implement bvssubo

* Implement bvsdivo
This commit is contained in:
Antti Hyvärinen 2023-05-09 19:37:46 +02:00 committed by GitHub
parent 62e1ec0698
commit 12e45c9d17
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GPG key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
4 changed files with 222 additions and 7 deletions

View file

@ -118,9 +118,22 @@ void bv_decl_plugin::finalize() {
DEC_REF(m_bv_redand);
DEC_REF(m_bv_comp);
DEC_REF(m_bv_mul_no_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_smul_no_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_smul_no_udfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_mul_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_smul_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_smul_udfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_neg_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_uadd_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_sadd_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_usub_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_ssub_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_sdiv_ovfl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_shl);
DEC_REF(m_bv_lshr);
@ -245,6 +258,16 @@ func_decl * bv_decl_plugin::mk_bv2int(unsigned bv_size, unsigned num_parameters,
return m_bv2int[bv_size];
}
func_decl * bv_decl_plugin::mk_unary_pred(ptr_vector<func_decl> & decls, decl_kind k, char const * name, unsigned bv_size) {
force_ptr_array_size(decls, bv_size+1);
if (decls[bv_size] == 0) {
decls[bv_size] = m_manager->mk_func_decl(symbol(name), get_bv_sort(bv_size), m_manager->mk_bool_sort(), func_decl_info(m_family_id, k));
m_manager->inc_ref(decls[bv_size]);
}
return decls[bv_size];
}
func_decl * bv_decl_plugin::mk_pred(ptr_vector<func_decl> & decls, decl_kind k, char const * name, unsigned bv_size) {
force_ptr_array_size(decls, bv_size + 1);
@ -289,6 +312,7 @@ func_decl * bv_decl_plugin::mk_comp(unsigned bv_size) {
func_decl * bv_decl_plugin::mk_func_decl(decl_kind k, unsigned bv_size) {
switch (k) {
case OP_BNEG: return mk_unary(m_bv_neg, k, "bvneg", bv_size);
case OP_BNEG_OVFL: return mk_unary_pred(m_bv_neg_ovfl, k, "bvnego", bv_size);
case OP_BADD: return mk_binary(m_bv_add, k, "bvadd", bv_size, true);
case OP_BSUB: return mk_binary(m_bv_sub, k, "bvsub", bv_size, false);
case OP_BMUL: return mk_binary(m_bv_mul, k, "bvmul", bv_size, true);
@ -327,9 +351,16 @@ func_decl * bv_decl_plugin::mk_func_decl(decl_kind k, unsigned bv_size) {
case OP_BREDOR: return mk_reduction(m_bv_redor, k, "bvredor", bv_size);
case OP_BREDAND: return mk_reduction(m_bv_redand, k, "bvredand", bv_size);
case OP_BCOMP: return mk_comp(bv_size);
case OP_BUMUL_NO_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_mul_ovfl, k, "bvumul_noovfl", bv_size);
case OP_BSMUL_NO_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_smul_ovfl, k, "bvsmul_noovfl", bv_size);
case OP_BSMUL_NO_UDFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_smul_udfl, k, "bvsmul_noudfl", bv_size);
case OP_BUMUL_NO_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_mul_no_ovfl, k, "bvumul_noovfl", bv_size);
case OP_BSMUL_NO_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_smul_no_ovfl, k, "bvsmul_noovfl", bv_size);
case OP_BSMUL_NO_UDFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_smul_no_udfl, k, "bvsmul_noudfl", bv_size);
case OP_BUMUL_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_mul_ovfl, k, "bvumulo", bv_size);
case OP_BSMUL_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_smul_ovfl, k, "bvsmulo", bv_size);
case OP_BSDIV_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_sdiv_ovfl, k, "bvsdivo", bv_size);
case OP_BUADD_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_uadd_ovfl, k, "bvuaddo", bv_size);
case OP_BSADD_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_sadd_ovfl, k, "bvsaddo", bv_size);
case OP_BUSUB_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_usub_ovfl, k, "bvusubo", bv_size);
case OP_BSSUB_OVFL: return mk_pred(m_bv_ssub_ovfl, k, "bvssubo", bv_size);
case OP_BSHL: return mk_binary(m_bv_shl, k, "bvshl", bv_size, false);
case OP_BLSHR: return mk_binary(m_bv_lshr, k, "bvlshr", bv_size, false);
@ -681,10 +712,18 @@ void bv_decl_plugin::get_op_names(svector<builtin_name> & op_names, symbol const
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bit1",OP_BIT1));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bit0",OP_BIT0));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvneg",OP_BNEG));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvnego", OP_BNEG_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvadd",OP_BADD));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvuaddo",OP_BUADD_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvsaddo",OP_BSADD_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvsub",OP_BSUB));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvusubo",OP_BUSUB_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvssubo",OP_BSSUB_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvmul",OP_BMUL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvumulo",OP_BUMUL_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvsmulo",OP_BSMUL_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvsdiv",OP_BSDIV));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvsdivo",OP_BSDIV_OVFL));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvudiv",OP_BUDIV));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvsrem",OP_BSREM));
op_names.push_back(builtin_name("bvurem",OP_BUREM));

View file

@ -93,6 +93,19 @@ enum bv_op_kind {
OP_BSMUL_NO_OVFL, // no signed multiplication overflow predicate
OP_BSMUL_NO_UDFL, // no signed multiplication underflow predicate
OP_BUMUL_OVFL, // unsigned multiplication overflow predicate (negation of OP_BUMUL_NO_OVFL)
OP_BSMUL_OVFL, // signed multiplication over/underflow predicate
OP_BSDIV_OVFL, // signed division overflow perdicate
OP_BNEG_OVFL, // negation overflow predicate
OP_BUADD_OVFL, // unsigned addition overflow predicate
OP_BSADD_OVFL, // signed addition overflow predicate
OP_BUSUB_OVFL, // unsigned subtraction overflow predicate
OP_BSSUB_OVFL, // signed subtraction overflow predicate
OP_BIT2BOOL, // predicate
OP_MKBV, // bools to bv
OP_INT2BV,
@ -189,9 +202,22 @@ protected:
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_redand;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_comp;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_mul_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_smul_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_smul_udfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_mul_no_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_smul_no_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_smul_no_udfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_mul_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_smul_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_sdiv_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_neg_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_uadd_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_sadd_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_usub_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_ssub_ovfl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_shl;
ptr_vector<func_decl> m_bv_lshr;
@ -213,6 +239,7 @@ protected:
func_decl * mk_unary(ptr_vector<func_decl> & decls, decl_kind k, char const * name, unsigned bv_size);
func_decl * mk_pred(ptr_vector<func_decl> & decls, decl_kind k,
char const * name, unsigned bv_size);
func_decl * mk_unary_pred(ptr_vector<func_decl> & decls, decl_kind k, char const * name, unsigned bv_size);
func_decl * mk_reduction(ptr_vector<func_decl> & decls, decl_kind k, char const * name, unsigned bv_size);
func_decl * mk_comp(unsigned bv_size);
bool get_bv_size(sort * t, int & result);
@ -490,9 +517,19 @@ public:
app * mk_bv2int(expr* e);
// TODO: all these binary ops commute (right?) but it'd be more logical to swap `n` & `m` in the `return`
app * mk_bvsmul_no_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BSMUL_NO_OVFL, n, m); }
app * mk_bvsmul_no_udfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BSMUL_NO_UDFL, n, m); }
app * mk_bvumul_no_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BUMUL_NO_OVFL, n, m); }
app * mk_bvsmul_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BSMUL_OVFL, n, m); }
app * mk_bvumul_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BUMUL_OVFL, n, m); }
app * mk_bvsdiv_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BSDIV_OVFL, m, n); }
app * mk_bvneg_ovfl(expr* m) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BNEG_OVFL, m); }
app * mk_bvuadd_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BUADD_OVFL, n, m); }
app * mk_bvsadd_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BSADD_OVFL, n, m); }
app * mk_bvusub_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BUSUB_OVFL, m, n); }
app * mk_bvssub_ovfl(expr* m, expr* n) { return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BSSUB_OVFL, m, n); }
app * mk_bit2bool(expr* e, unsigned idx) { parameter p(idx); return m_manager.mk_app(get_fid(), OP_BIT2BOOL, 1, &p, 1, &e); }
private:

View file

@ -93,6 +93,10 @@ br_status bv_rewriter::mk_app_core(func_decl * f, unsigned num_args, expr * cons
case OP_BNEG:
SASSERT(num_args == 1);
return mk_uminus(args[0], result);
case OP_BNEG_OVFL:
SASSERT(num_args == 1);
return mk_bvneg_overflow(args[0], result);
case OP_BSHL:
SASSERT(num_args == 2);
return mk_bv_shl(args[0], args[1], result);
@ -199,6 +203,20 @@ br_status bv_rewriter::mk_app_core(func_decl * f, unsigned num_args, expr * cons
return mk_bvsmul_no_overflow(num_args, args, false, result);
case OP_BUMUL_NO_OVFL:
return mk_bvumul_no_overflow(num_args, args, result);
case OP_BSMUL_OVFL:
return mk_bvsmul_overflow(num_args, args, result);
case OP_BUMUL_OVFL:
return mk_bvumul_overflow(num_args, args, result);
case OP_BSDIV_OVFL:
return mk_bvsdiv_overflow(num_args, args, result);
case OP_BUADD_OVFL:
return mk_bvuadd_overflow(num_args, args, result);
case OP_BSADD_OVFL:
return mk_bvsadd_over_underflow(num_args, args, result);
case OP_BUSUB_OVFL:
return mk_bvusub_underflow(num_args, args, result);
case OP_BSSUB_OVFL:
return mk_bvssub_overflow(num_args, args, result);
default:
return BR_FAILED;
}
@ -2921,6 +2939,21 @@ br_status bv_rewriter::mk_distinct(unsigned num_args, expr * const * args, expr_
return BR_DONE;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvsmul_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
result = m.mk_or(
m.mk_not(m_util.mk_bvsmul_no_ovfl(args[0], args[1])),
m.mk_not(m_util.mk_bvsmul_no_udfl(args[0], args[1]))
);
return BR_REWRITE_FULL;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvumul_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
result = m.mk_not(m_util.mk_bvumul_no_ovfl(args[0], args[1]));
return BR_REWRITE2;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvsmul_no_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, bool is_overflow, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
unsigned bv_sz;
@ -2980,5 +3013,95 @@ br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvumul_no_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args,
return BR_FAILED;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvneg_overflow(expr * const arg, expr_ref & result) {
unsigned int sz = get_bv_size(arg);
auto maxUnsigned = mk_numeral(rational::power_of_two(sz)-1, sz);
result = m.mk_eq(arg, maxUnsigned);
return BR_REWRITE3;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvuadd_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
SASSERT(get_bv_size(args[0]) == get_bv_size(args[1]));
unsigned sz = get_bv_size(args[0]);
auto a1 = mk_zero_extend(1, args[0]);
auto a2 = mk_zero_extend(1, args[1]);
auto r = mk_bv_add(a1, a2);
auto extract = m_mk_extract(sz, sz, r);
result = m.mk_eq(extract, mk_one(1));
return BR_REWRITE_FULL;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvsadd_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
SASSERT(get_bv_size(args[0]) == get_bv_size(args[1]));
unsigned sz = get_bv_size(args[0]);
auto zero = mk_zero(sz);
auto r = mk_bv_add(args[0], args[1]);
auto l1 = m_util.mk_slt(zero, args[0]);
auto l2 = m_util.mk_slt(zero, args[1]);
auto args_pos = m.mk_and(l1, l2);
auto non_pos_sum = m_util.mk_sle(r, zero);
result = m.mk_and(args_pos, non_pos_sum);
return BR_REWRITE_FULL;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvsadd_underflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
SASSERT(get_bv_size(args[0]) == get_bv_size(args[1]));
unsigned sz = get_bv_size(args[0]);
auto zero = mk_zero(sz);
auto r = mk_bv_add(args[0], args[1]);
auto l1 = m_util.mk_slt(args[0], zero);
auto l2 = m_util.mk_slt(args[1], zero);
auto args_neg = m.mk_and(l1, l2);
expr_ref non_neg_sum{m};
auto res_rewrite = mk_sge(r, zero, non_neg_sum);
SASSERT(res_rewrite != BR_FAILED); (void)res_rewrite;
result = m.mk_and(args_neg, non_neg_sum);
return BR_REWRITE_FULL;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvsadd_over_underflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
SASSERT(get_bv_size(args[0]) == get_bv_size(args[1]));
expr_ref l1{m};
expr_ref l2{m};
(void)mk_bvsadd_overflow(2, args, l1);
(void)mk_bvsadd_underflow(2, args, l2);
result = m.mk_or(l1, l2);
return BR_REWRITE_FULL;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvusub_underflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
SASSERT(get_bv_size(args[0]) == get_bv_size(args[1]));
br_status status = mk_ult(args[0], args[1], result);
SASSERT(status != BR_FAILED);
return status;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvssub_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
SASSERT(get_bv_size(args[0]) == get_bv_size(args[1]));
auto sz = get_bv_size(args[0]);
auto minSigned = mk_numeral(-rational::power_of_two(sz-1), sz);
expr_ref bvsaddo {m};
expr * args2[2] = { args[0], m_util.mk_bv_neg(args[1]) };
auto bvsaddo_stat = mk_bvsadd_overflow(2, args2, bvsaddo);
SASSERT(bvsaddo_stat != BR_FAILED); (void)bvsaddo_stat;
auto first_arg_ge_zero = m_util.mk_sle(mk_zero(sz), args[0]);
result = m.mk_ite(m.mk_eq(args[1], minSigned), first_arg_ge_zero, bvsaddo);
return BR_REWRITE_FULL;
}
br_status bv_rewriter::mk_bvsdiv_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result) {
SASSERT(num == 2);
SASSERT(get_bv_size(args[0]) == get_bv_size(args[1]));
auto sz = get_bv_size(args[1]);
auto minSigned = mk_numeral(-rational::power_of_two(sz-1), sz);
auto minusOne = mk_numeral(rational::power_of_two(sz) - 1, sz);
result = m.mk_and(m.mk_eq(args[0], minSigned), m.mk_eq(args[1], minusOne));
return BR_REWRITE_FULL;
}
template class poly_rewriter<bv_rewriter_core>;

View file

@ -139,6 +139,22 @@ class bv_rewriter : public poly_rewriter<bv_rewriter_core> {
br_status mk_mkbv(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvsmul_no_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, bool is_overflow, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvumul_no_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvsmul_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvumul_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvsdiv_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvneg_overflow(expr * const arg, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvuadd_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvsadd_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvsadd_underflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvsadd_over_underflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvusub_underflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
br_status mk_bvssub_overflow(unsigned num, expr * const * args, expr_ref & result);
bool is_minus_one_times_t(expr * arg);
void mk_t1_add_t2_eq_c(expr * t1, expr * t2, expr * c, expr_ref & result);